What Is a Abstract Paper Spell the Word Again
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World Neurosurgery has an open up admission companion journal, World Neurosurgery: X.
Submission checklist
Y'all can apply this listing to deport out a terminal check of your submission before you ship information technology to the journal for review. Please check the relevant department in this Guide for Authors for more details.
Ensure that:
Ane writer has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:
• E-postal service address
• Total postal address
Please annotation that it is our periodical policy to only permit one author to be listed equally the corresponding author for an article. Please avoid listing multiple corresponding authors on your title page or manuscript.
Please ensure that the following items are nowadays.
Required files to exist uploaded:
• Comprehend Letter
• Title Page (come across 'Essential title page information' section for further details) containing: title, all authors' complete names, all authors' highest academic degree and affiliations, corresponding author name and contact details, fundamental words (three to 7) and short/running title
• Manuscript
• Disclosure-Disharmonize of Interest
• Abridgement List
• Figures, if applicable
• Tables, if applicative.
Further considerations:
• Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammar checked'
• All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa
• Permission has been obtained for employ of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet)
• A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors accept no competing interests to declare
• Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed
• Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements
For further information, visit our Support Middle.
Authors should include a argument in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always exist observed.
All animate being experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should exist carried out in accordance with the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Human activity, 1986 and associated guidelines, European union Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, or the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Utilize of Laboratory Animals and the authors should conspicuously indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines take been followed. The sex of animals must be indicated, and where appropriate, the influence (or association) of sex activity on the results of the written report.
Declaration of involvement
All authors must disclose any fiscal and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock buying, honoraria, paid adept testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in two places: 1. A summary proclamation of interest statement in the title page file (if double anonymized) or the manuscript file (if unmarried anonymized). If there are no interests to declare then please state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. two. Detailed disclosures every bit function of a carve up Declaration of Involvement form, which forms part of the journal's official records. It is important for potential interests to be declared in both places and that the information matches. More information.
Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an commodity implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or bookish thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more data), that information technology is not nether consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is canonical by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accustomed, it will not exist published elsewhere in the same course, in English or in any other linguistic communication, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Cheque.
Preprints
Please note that preprints can exist shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints e.g. on a preprint server volition not count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more than information).
Utilise of inclusive language
Inclusive linguistic communication acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should brand no assumptions about the behavior or commitments of any reader; contain nothing which might imply that one individual is superior to some other on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant civilisation and/or cultural assumptions. We propose to seek gender neutrality past using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such every bit "main", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". Nosotros propose using alternatives that are more than appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "main", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant as a indicate of reference to assistance place appropriate language merely are by no means exhaustive or definitive.
Authorship
All authors should take fabricated substantial contributions to all of the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the commodity or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (iii) final approval of the version to be submitted.
You must ensure that you list all authors who contributed to your manuscript both on your title page and on the Add/Edit/Remove authors page in Editorial Manager. If on checking your submission we find that all authors have not been listed consistently in these places, your manuscript will be returned to you for editing and this will delay the peer review process.
CRediT Authorship Statement
For transparency, authors are required to submit an author argument file outlining their individual contributions to the paper using the relevant CRediT roles: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Projection assistants; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; Writing - review & editing. Authorship statements should exist formatted with the names of authors first and CRediT role(due south) following. More than details and an example
This detail is now mandatory for all article types except Perspectives (of whatsoever type), Book Reviews, Letters to the Editor, In Reply to the Letter to the Editor, and Obituaries.
Changes to authorship
Authors are expected to consider advisedly the listing and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive listing of authors at the fourth dimension of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made simply earlier the manuscript has been accepted and simply if approved by the journal Editor. To asking such a change, the Editor must receive the post-obit from the respective author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they concur with the improver, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.
Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accustomed. While the Editor considers the asking, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online effect, whatsoever requests approved past the Editor will result in a blunder.
Commodity transfer service
This journal is role of our Article Transfer Service. This means that if the Editor feels your article is more than suitable in ane of our other participating journals, and so you may exist asked to consider transferring the commodity to one of those. If you agree, your article will be transferred automatically on your behalf with no need to reformat. Delight note that your article will be reviewed again by the new journal. More than information.
Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (see more information on this). An e-mail will be sent to the respective author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this understanding.
Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation inside their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use past authors in these cases.
Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Find out how you tin can share your research published in Elsevier journals.
Office of the funding source
You are requested to identify who provided financial back up for the conduct of the inquiry and/or training of the commodity and to briefly describe the office of the sponsor(s), if any, in study blueprint; in the collection, assay and estimation of data; in the writing of the written report; and in the determination to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, information technology is recommended to state this.
Open up access
Please visit our Open Access folio for more data.
Elsevier Researcher Academy
Researcher Academy is a free due east-learning platform designed to support early and mid-career researchers throughout their research journey. The "Learn" surround at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resources to guide yous through the process of writing for research and going through peer review. Feel free to utilize these free resources to improve your submission and navigate the publication process with ease.
Language (usage and editing services)
Please write your text in skilful English language (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who experience their English language language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to employ the English Language Editing service available from Elsevier'due south Author Services.
Informed consent and patient details
Please ensure that you have obtained written consent from any patients that are identifiable from the images or videos in your manuscript before you submit your manuscript. Indicate in your manuscript text that you lot take obtained written consent for any patient(s) that are identifiable from the images or videos. Formal consents are not required for the apply of entirely anonymised images from which the individual cannot exist identified - for example, x-rays, ultrasound images, pathology slides or laparoscopic images, provided that these do non contain any identifying marks and are not accompanied by text that might identify the individual concerned. For identifiable images, if consent has not been obtained, it is generally not sufficient to anonymise a photograph but by using center confined or blurring the face of the individual concerned. For more data, please review the Elsevier Policy on the Apply of Images or Personal Information of Patients or other Individuals.
Submission
Our online submission arrangement guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review procedure. Editable files (eastward.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's conclusion and requests for revision, is sent by email.
Manuscript types
• Original Article (available in full online only, only will exist listed in the contents listing of the printed journal and fully citable)
• Doing More with Less (see specific submission instructions beneath)
• Clinical Images (run into specific submission instructions beneath)
• Video Articles (run into specific submission instructions below)
• Women in Neurosurgery (run into specific submission instructions beneath)
• Great Hospitals (see specific submission instructions below)
• Neurosurgery Nursing (meet specific submission instructions below)
• Case Report (Meet information below)
• Letter to the Editor (come across specific submission instructions below)
• Historical Vignette
• Technical Note
• Literature Reviews
• Early Career Forum (see specific submission instructions below)
• Neurosurgery and the Arts (see specific submission instructions below)
• Book Review (invited)
• Perspective (invited)
• News (invited)
• From the Annals of... (invited)
• Obituary (come across specific submission instructions below)
•Perspective - Global Neurosurgery (invited)
• The Development of Neurosurgery (encounter specific submission instructions below)
Instance Reports:WORLD NEUROSURGERY and WORLD NEUROSURGERY X will no longer be accepting Case Reports for peer-review. Any Case Report that does come up through our organization volition be automatically transferred to INAT. If yous would like to acquire more than about INAT, please visit their website
The Development of Neurosurgery: Equally a complement to the "Slap-up Hospitals" department, articles on "The Development of Neurosurgery" depict the evolution of neurosurgery at the country, regional, or continental level rather than the hospital level. Of particular interest are the factors that either facilitated or impeded the development of neurosurgery at the country, regional, or continental level - and what methods led to progress. The goal is to share ideas regarding the development of neurosurgery at the "macro" level so that other countries, regions, or continents can acquire from the experience of others. Collaboration on authorship with, e.1000. ministries of wellness and/or international organizations such as WHO, is evidently desirable. Please accommodate this submission every bit an Original Commodity with an abstract, body, references, etc) and choose the article type "The Development of Neurosurgery" when submitting your article.
Clinical Images: Progress in neurosurgery has paralleled advances in lesion localization and imaging technologies. World Neurosurgery recently launched this new section to convey the nuances of our specialty through imagery. This is also a conduit past which neurosurgeons worldwide may communicate exciting discovery and feel through a common linguistic communication, i.east., captivating clinical images. We thus encourage the submission of images or videos from cases that portray interesting, engaging and somewhat rare depiction of neurosurgical disease.
Required submission criteria:
• Text: A brusque clarification of 350 words or less
• Abstract: 50-150 give-and-take unstructured abstract (no headings)
• Title: The title should be clear and concise
• Authors: No more than 3 authors, with name, highest bookish degree, affiliations, address and email for each
• Effigy Fable: The fable should contain no more than than 150 words, and include relevant patient history/concrete examination, clinical course and response to treatment and if applicable, condition at follow-upwardly.
Video Articles: Video Manufactures focus on important surgical procedures in the common involvement of practicing neurosurgeons. A brief case presentation in the abstract should be followed past 2d or 3D (preferred) operative video. Demonstration of interesting and innovative approaches should back-trail illustrations of relevant operative anatomy. Judicious labelling of of import anatomical structures are encouraged for better orientation of surgical field. Video files should be of high quality and not exceed 150 MB. Additional information on file formatting can exist plant hither.
Required submission criteria:
• Title: Should not exceed 100 characters, including spaces
• Abstract: Upwards to 250 word unstructured abstract with give-and-take. Delight include the abstract in the 'Manuscript' file in Editorial Manager, along with a curt caption for your video.
• Patient information must be omitted from the video
• Authors are responsible to obtain consent from signed from any patients who could be identified from the videos. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to declare in the cover letter that he has obtained relevant consent grade, signed by the patient.
Doing More with Less: The Doing More with Less section of Globe Neurosurgery focuses on the detail needs of the lower-resource neurosurgery globe, which includes near of the earth. The Section solicits submissions of news articles, commentaries, and scientific and technical papers that relate to problems surrounding optimal patient care in resources-challenged environments. In detail, this call for scientific and technical papers focuses on methods for accomplishing neurosurgical goals with depression-cost solutions that are practical to implement in neurosurgical operating theaters and intendance environments where minimal or basic tools and materials are available.
During your submission procedure, delight choose 'Doing More than with Less' equally your article type.
Smashing Hospitals: World Neurosurgery has recently reintroduced the topic of 'Great Hospitals.' We are seeking manufactures from institutions world-wide who take a rich history and a message to share. Such prior publications have provided an insight into their unique characteristics, attributes and strategies/modus operandi. If any of you accept a message to share regarding your institution, please template a submission article after those already published in World Neurosurgery i-two and submit such for review equally a 'Bang-up Hospitals' article type.
References:
1. Powell MP. The History of Neurosurgery at the National Infirmary, Queen Square, London, with Some Personal Recollections from 1948 Onwards: The Early Years. Globe Neurosurgery (2017) 103: 634-646
2. Du J, Li H, Fan Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Liu T, Hao D. Great Hospitals of Asia: Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery at Xi'an Jiaotong Academy-Affiliated Honghui Hospital. World Neurosurgery (2018) 116: 370-377
Neurosurgery Nursing: World Neurosurgery solicits Neurosurgery Nursing submissions of news articles, commentaries, technical and scientific papers that chronicle to neurosurgery nursing's role in interrelated and interprofessional neurosurgery patient intendance. This call for submissions includes historical perspectives, such equally the evolution of neurosurgery nursing in a specific state/region; current state and future directions of neurosurgery nursing in your country/region; care coordination; care collaboration; impact on issues of concern to the World Health Organisation such as obesity, falls with head and/or spine injury, infectious diseases; intendance or health challenges; problem-solving intendance challenges; broadcasting of neurosurgery nursing research.
During the submission process, please choose 'Neurosurgery Nursing' as your article and classification type.
Women in Neurosurgery: World Neurosurgery is accepting papers written past neurosurgeons, male or female, addressing the bug that women face in neurosurgery. Disseminating true facts via publications and educational efforts can assist in establishing equality in the globe-wide neurosurgery customs. This can merely come from neurosurgeons themselves. Globe Neurosurgery encourages the submission of articles addressing these issues.
When submitting your manuscript, please select 'Women in Neurosurgery' as your article type.
Letter of the alphabet to the Editor: When discussing a prior Earth Neurosurgery manuscript, please cite the specific article in the main torso of your letter and add together information technology to the Reference List at the stop of your manuscript.
We request that you use a unique title for your Letter to the Editor:
• Letter of the alphabet is in response to a published manuscript, please brainstorm your championship as follows: ?Letter to the Editor Regarding (insert detail article title here)?
• If you have been invited to respond to a Letter to the Editor, delight starting time your championship with: ?In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding (insert detail article championship hither)?
Early Career Forum:To be comprised of submissions from neurosurgeons in early on career stages including residents, fellows, and contempo graduates. This column will provide a forum to explore important bug specific to those in training and in the early years of practice.
At that place are unique challenges for neurosurgeons in these career stages that are nether-discussed and could exist the focus of meaningful and beneficial discussion. The intent is for this column to appeal to young neurosurgeons who may or may non have the interest or time to engage in scholarly activity, yet even so are passionate about relevant career issues which may take broad appeal. Potential topics may include only are non express to mentorship, work-life remainder, neurosurgical educational activity, and career-challenges, likewise equally, emerging research questions and opportunities. Submissions may also address controversial topics, which may non yet have sufficient data or an adequate venue for discussion.
Articles are meant to exist thoughtful, inquisitive, and scholarly in nature with references where appropriate. While research discussions are invited, the intent is not to primarily showcase enquiry data. Manufactures do not demand to follow scientific format merely traditional scientific and evidence-based submissions are welcome.
Required submission criteria:
• Writer limit is three, and all authors must exist either residents, fellows, or within 5 years of graduation
• Word-limit for submissions is 1,500
• Figures and tables volition be limited to a total of two per submission
• Papers and proposals should exist submitted directly to christinemoore.aem@gmail.com
For submissions and review, we aim to facilitate clear and easy communication prior to the submission of an commodity to this column. Nosotros volition generate a periodic call for papers on specific topics but we also welcome authors to submit proposals at whatever fourth dimension for topics of exploration prior to the grooming of a full manuscript. We encourage prospective authors to consummate a thorough review of the literature prior to submission to this cavalcade to avoid duplication of previously discussed topics. Any proposals submitted should be direct applicable to neurosurgical residents, fellows, or those in the early post-graduate career stages.
Proposals to the Editor-in-PrincipalSpecial Focus Sections on specific subspecialties: For farther details on this department, please email christinemoore.aem@gmail.com
Neurosurgery and the Arts: World Neurosurgery'southward Neurosurgery and the Arts section seeks fine art for its monthly journal cover and blended page. The submissions involve the display of art by neurosurgeons. Hence, nosotros are seeking art, in any visual course, for this endeavour on an ongoing basis. Such art might naturally include photography, photographs of sculptures or paintings, prose or verse, etc. We ask neurosurgeons to submit high resolution images, in a portrait setting, of such art. If a mural image is submitted and selected please note that information technology volition exist cropped. These images will be considered for future World Neurosurgery journal covers and for display on our composite page. When submitting your images, please include a brief description. These can be submitted direct to christineMoore.aem@gmail.com
News: For further details on this section, please email christinemoore.aem@gmail.com
From the Annals of...: For farther details on this section and/or including your institution in this quarterly offering, please email christinemoore.aem@gmail.com
Obituary: This department is to notify the World Neurosurgery readership regarding the recent passing of colleagues in our world-wide neurosurgical community. Please provide text (limit up to 250 words) and a photo (if desired) for inclusion. Please submit under the article blazon of "Obituary".
Classifications
When submitting your manuscript delight select the appropriate classification(s) that pertains to your submission. Y'all will be able to choose from the following Classification Listing:
Brainstem, Cranial Base, Critical Care, Doing More with Less, Pedagogy, Endocrine and Pituitary, Endovascular, Epilepsy, History and Culture, Hydrocephalus and CSF Pathway Pathologies, Infection, Instrumentation Non-Spine, Molecular Biology, Neuropathology, Neuroradiology/Imaging, Neurosurgery Nursing, Pain, Pediatrics, Peripheral Nerve, Politics Socioeconomics and Legal, Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, Radiosurgery, Special Topics, Spine, Sports, Stereotactic/Functional, Trauma, Tumor, Vascular, Videos, Women in Neurosurgery
Submit your commodity
Please submit your article via https://world wide web.editorialmanager.com/worldneurosurgery.
Comprehend Letter
Cover Letter Info to include the post-obit: The author(s) should provide a comprehend letter with each submission, ensuring they include the post-obit: A statement of non-duplication, with the following statements: "I, (corresponding author's name), certify that this manuscript is a unique submission and is non being considered for publication, in part or in total, with any other source in any medium."
Peer review
This journal operates a single blind review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are so typically sent to a minimum of iii contained skilful reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the newspaper. The Editor is responsible for the final determination regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor's decision is terminal. More information on types of peer review.
Use of word processing software
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in unmarried-cavalcade format. When preparing your submission please double space the unabridged document with 1" margins. Each page should be numbered, with the get-go writer'southward last name in the upper right manus corner. Keep the layout of the text equally simple as possible. Near formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, practise not utilise the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. Withal, practise employ assuming confront, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you lot are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and non a filigree for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see too the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier: https://world wide web.elsevier.com/guidepublication). Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. See also the department on Electronic artwork.
To avoid unnecessary errors yous are strongly brash to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.
Article structure
Subdivision - unnumbered sections
Divide your article into clearly defined sections. Each subsection is given a brief heading. Each heading should announced on its own carve up line. Subsections should be used as much equally possible when cross-referencing text: refer to the subsection by heading as opposed to just 'the text'.
Introduction
State the objectives of the piece of work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
Cloth and methods
Provide sufficient details to permit the work to be reproduced by an contained researcher. Methods that are already published should exist summarized, and indicated by a reference. If quoting directly from a previously published method, use quotation marks and likewise cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also exist described.
Results
Results should be clear and concise.
Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, non repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is ofttimes appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
Conclusions
The main conclusions of the report may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand solitary or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
Appendices
If there is more one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should exist given split numbering: Eq. (A.ane), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and and then on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.ane; Fig. A.1, etc.
Essential title folio information
• Championship. Curtailed and informative. Titles are frequently used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
• Author names and affiliations. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(southward) of each writer and bank check that all names are accurately spelled. You can add your proper name between parentheses in your own script behind the English language transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-example superscript alphabetic character immediately after the author'southward proper noun and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the state name and, if available, the e-mail accost of each author.
• Respective author. Clearly bespeak who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also mail service-publication. This responsibleness includes answering whatever time to come queries nearly Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the email address is given and that contact details are kept up to appointment by the respective author.
• Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated equally a footnote to that author'southward name. The accost at which the author actually did the piece of work must exist retained every bit the main, affiliation accost. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
• Highest academic degrees for all authors. Degrees are not listed in the writer line but are necessary for other purposes.
• Departmental and institutional affiliations for all authors. When providing author names and affiliations, be sure to include department/division data and not merely the establishment.
• Key words (iii to vii). Provide an alphabetized list of iii to 7 key words which will appear in print and used for indexing purposes.
• Short title. Curt titles are required for all article types except for Letters to the Editor, Technical Notes and invited manufactures. The short title should be 40 characters or less, including spaces.
Abbreviations listing
Provide an alphabetized list of all abbreviations used in the article, with each abbreviation/acronym followed by its complete spell out.
Abstract
A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the enquiry, the main results and major conclusions. An abstract is frequently presented separately from the commodity, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the writer(s) and yr(s). Also, not-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, just if essential they must exist divers at their first mention in the abstruse itself.
Abstracts should be 250 words, maximum.
Original Articles, Doing More With Less, Women in Neurosurgery, Great Hospitals, Neurosurgery Nursing and Technical Notes crave a structured abstract with the post-obit headings: Objective (or Groundwork), Methods, Results, Conclusions.
Historical Vignettes and Literature Reviews require an abstract, but it can exist unstructured (no headings).
Clinical Images require a l-150 word unstructured abstract (no headings).
Video Articles require a 250 word unstructured abstract.
Graphical abstruse
Although a graphical abstruse is optional, its use is encouraged as it draws more attending to the online article. The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a curtailed, pictorial grade designed to capture the attending of a broad readership. Graphical abstracts should be submitted every bit a split up file in the online submission system. Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × w) or proportionally more than. The image should exist readable at a size of v × xiii cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. You tin can view Example Graphical Abstracts on our data site.
Authors can make employ of Elsevier'due south Illustration Services to ensure the best presentation of their images and in accordance with all technical requirements.
Graphical Abstracts are optional for the following commodity types: Original Articles, Doing More With Less, Women in Neurosurgery, Great Hospitals, Neurosurgery Nursing, Technical Notes, Historical Vignettes, Literature Reviews, Clinical Images, Video Manufactures.
Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article earlier the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, every bit a footnote to the championship or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.chiliad., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
Formatting of funding sources
List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:
Funding: This piece of work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Beak & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources bachelor to a university, college, or other inquiry establishment, submit the proper noun of the constitute or organization that provided the funding.
If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following judgement:
This research did non receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Units
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.
Math formulae
Please submit math equations every bit editable text and non equally images. Present unproblematic formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small-scale partial terms, e.one thousand., X/Y. In principle, variables are to exist presented in italics. Powers of e are frequently more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that accept to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
Artwork
Electronic artwork
General points
• Brand sure you use compatible lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Embed the used fonts if the awarding provides that option.
• Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
• Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.
• Submit each illustration as a separate file.
• Ensure that color images are attainable to all, including those with impaired color vision.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available.
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Part application (Discussion, PowerPoint, Excel) then delight supply 'as is' in the native certificate format.
Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Role, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Save equally' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given beneath):
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts.
TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure blackness & white pixels) line drawings, continue to a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
Please do not:
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (due east.thousand., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically take a depression number of pixels and limited prepare of colors;
• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
Color artwork
Please make sure that artwork files are in an adequate format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF) or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted commodity, you submit usable color figures and so Elsevier will ensure, at no boosted accuse, that these figures will appear in color online (e.yard., ScienceDirect and other sites) in improver to color reproduction in impress. Farther information on the preparation of electronic artwork.
Illustration services
Elsevier's Author Services offers Illustration Services to authors preparing to submit a manuscript but concerned about the quality of the images accompanying their article. Elsevier's expert illustrators tin produce scientific, technical and medical-style images, as well as a full range of charts, tables and graphs. Paradigm 'polishing' is besides available, where our illustrators accept your epitome(s) and better them to a professional standard. Please visit the website to discover out more.
Figure captions
Ensure that each analogy has a caption. Supply captions separately, non attached to the figure. A caption should incorporate a cursory title (not on the figure itself) and a clarification of the illustration. Proceed text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explicate all symbols and abbreviations used.
Tables
Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Each table requires its ain title. All tables should be placed in their ain file, separate from the manuscript file. Avoid vertical rules. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in tables do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the commodity. Place footnotes to tables beneath the table body and indicate them with the post-obit symbols in the following guild:
• * (asterisk)
• † (dagger)
• ‡ (double dagger)
• § (section marker)
• 2 (parallel marker)
• ¶ (paragraph symbol)
• # (number sign)
• ** (etc.)
• *** (etc.)
All studies listed in a table must be cited in the table and included in the complete reference list, just every bit if the study in question were discussed and cited in the text of the article.
References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also nowadays in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in total. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference listing, simply may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference listing they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Commendation of a reference equally 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
Reference links
Increased discoverability of research and loftier quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In social club to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such every bit Scopus, CrossRef and PubMed, please ensure that information provided in the references are correct. Please notation that wrong surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagination may prevent link creation. When copying references, please be careful as they may already incorporate errors. Use of the DOI is highly encouraged.
A DOI is guaranteed never to modify, so you can utilize it as a permanent link to any electronic commodity. An example of a citation using DOI for an article not nonetheless in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.Grand., James D.Eastward., Ambeh W.B., Franke M. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab below northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Enquiry, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. Please notation the format of such citations should exist in the same style as all other references in the newspaper.
Information references
This journal encourages you lot to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference Listing. Information references should include the following elements: author name(due south), dataset championship, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add together [dataset] immediately earlier the reference then nosotros can properly place it equally a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not announced in your published commodity.
References in a special effect
Please ensure that the words 'this consequence' are added to any references in the listing (and any citations in the text) to other manufactures in the aforementioned Special Result.
Reference style
Text: Bespeak references by (sequent) superscript arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text. The numerals are to be used outside periods and commas, within colons and semicolons. For further detail and examples you are referred to the AMA Manual of Style, A Guide for Authors and Editors, 11th Edition.
List: Number the references in the listing in the order in which they appear in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a periodical publication:
1. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun. 2010;163:51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Sc.2010.00372
Reference to a journal publication with an article number:
2. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific commodity. Heliyon. 2018;19:e00205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00205
Reference to a volume:
3. Strunk W Jr, White EB. The Elements of Style. 4th ed. New York, NY: Longman; 2000.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
iv. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to fix an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, eds. Introduction to the Electronic Age. New York, NY: Eastward-Publishing Inc; 2009:281–304.
Reference to a website:
5. Cancer Research United kingdom. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. Accessed 13 March 2003. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/; 2003. .
Reference to a dataset:
[dataset] 6. Oguro M, Imahiro Southward, Saito S, Nakashizuka T. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Information, v1; 2015. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1
Reference to software:
7. Coon E, Berndt M, Jan A, Svyatsky D, Atchley A, Kikinzon East, Harp D, Manzini Thousand, Shelef E, Lipnikov K, Garimella R, Xu C, Moulton D, Karra Due south, Painter Southward, Jafarov Due east, Molins South. Avant-garde Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) v0.88 (Version 0.88). Zenodo; 2020, March 25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727209
Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Discussion Abbreviations.
Video
Elsevier accepts video material and blitheness sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or blitheness files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the torso of the article. This can be washed in the same fashion as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the trunk text where it should be placed. All submitted files should exist properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or blitheness textile is directly usable, please provide the file in 1 of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, i GB in total. Video and animation files supplied volition exist published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Delight supply 'stills' with your files: you lot can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a divide paradigm. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions delight visit our video instruction pages. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the impress version of the journal, delight provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
Information visualization
Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and allow your readers interact and appoint more than closely with your research. Follow the instructions here to discover out well-nigh available information visualization options and how to include them with your commodity.
Supplementary material
Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance information technology. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly equally they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear as such online). Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If y'all wish to brand changes to supplementary material during whatever stage of the procedure, please make sure to provide an updated file. Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the 'Rails Changes' option in Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published version.
Inquiry information
This journal encourages and enables you lot to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables y'all to interlink the data with your published articles. Inquiry data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this periodical too encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
Below are a number of ways in which y'all tin can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your information when submitting your manuscript. If you are sharing information in ane of these ways, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the "References" department for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using enquiry information and other relevant enquiry materials, visit the enquiry information folio.
Data linking
If you have made your research data available in a data repository, yous can link your commodity direct to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a meliorate agreement of the research described.
In that location are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can straight link your dataset to your commodity by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.
For supported information repositories a repository imprint will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.
In addition, y'all tin link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (eastward.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).
Mendeley Data
This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling yous to deposit any inquiry data (including raw and processed data, video, code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-use, open access repository. During the submission process, afterward uploading your manuscript, you lot will have the opportunity to upload your relevant datasets direct to Mendeley Information. The datasets volition be listed and directly accessible to readers next to your published commodity online.
For more information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.
Data statement
To foster transparency, we encourage yous to state the availability of your data in your submission. This may be a requirement of your funding torso or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post, you will have the opportunity to point why during the submission process, for example by stating that the inquiry data is confidential. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Information Statement folio.
Online proof correction
To ensure a fast publication process of the article, nosotros kindly ask authors to provide us with their proof corrections within 2 days. Corresponding authors will receive an email with a link to our online proofing arrangement, allowing notation and correction of proofs online. The environs is similar to MS Word: in add-on to editing text, you lot tin can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor. Web-based proofing provides a faster and less fault-prone process by allowing you to directly type your corrections, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.
If preferred, you lot tin still choose to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing volition be given in the e-mail we send to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.
We volition do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Please employ this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, abyss and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will simply exist considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. It is of import to ensure that all corrections are sent back to united states in one advice. Please check carefully earlier replying, every bit inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.
Offprints
The corresponding author volition, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days gratuitous access to the last published version of the commodity on ScienceDirect. The Share Link can exist used for sharing the article via any communication channel, including email and social media. For an extra charge, paper offprints tin be ordered via the offprint guild form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. Both corresponding and co-authors may club offprints at whatsoever time via Elsevier'southward Author Services. Respective authors who have published their article gold open admission practice not receive a Share Link as their last published version of the article is available open access on ScienceDirect and can exist shared through the article DOI link.
Source: https://www.elsevier.com/journals/world-neurosurgery/1878-8750/guide-for-authors
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